Contents

• 1. Introduction

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  Objectives, Introduction, Historical Background of Control System, Basic Concept of Control, System, Control System, Open Loop and Closed Loop Control System, Open Loop Control System, Closed Loop Control System, Some Signals Related to the Control Systems, Some Elements Related to the Control Systems, Differences Between Open Loop Control System and Closed–Loop Control System, Examples of Open Loop and Closed Loop Control System, Applications of Open and Closed Loop Systems, Brief Idea of Multivariable Control Systems, Different Types of Control Systems, Linear Versus Non Linear Systems, Continuous Time and Discrete Time Control Systems, Deterministic and Stochastic Control System, Time Varying and Time Invariant Control Systems, Lumped Parameter and Distributed Parameter Control System, Single Input Single Output (SISO) and Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Control Systems, Review Questions.
   
  2. Mathematical Modelling of Physical Systems

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  Objectives, Introduction, Physical System, Physical Model, Various Approximations, Linear Approximation of Physical System, Mathematical Modelling of a Physical System, Procedure to Investigate the System Dynamic Response, Representation of Physical System By Differential Equation, Electrical System, Mechanical System, Electro–Mechanical Systems, Analogous System, Review Questions.
   
  3. Transfer Function

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  Objectives, Introduction, Characteristics of Transfer Function, Definition of Transfer Function, Derivation for Transfer Function, Properties of Transfer Function, Types of Transfer Function, Poles and Zeros of Transfer function, Definition of Pole, Definition of Zero, Representation of Pole and Zero in s–plane, Importance of the Study of Poles and Zeros, Characteristics Polynomial, Characteristics Equation, Advantages and Disadvantages of Transfer Function, Review Questions.
   
  4. Block Diagram Representation

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  Objectives, Introduction, Steps for Drawing a Block Diagram, Block Diagram Fundamentals, Block Diagram Reduction for Determining Transfer Function, Review Questions.
   
  5. Signal Flow Graphs

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  Objectives, Introduction, Signal Flow Graphs, Definitions of Terms used in Signal Flow Graph, Rules of Signal Flow Graph, Properties of Signal Flow Graphs, Mason’s Gain Formula, Steps for Solving Signal Flow Graph, Review Questions.
   
  6. Laplace Transform

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  Objectives, Introduction, Definition of Transformation, Properties of Laplace Transformations, Linearity, Differentiation, Integration, Time Displacement, S–plane Displacement, Initial Value Theorem, Final Value Theorem, Inverse Laplace Transformation using Partial Fraction Method, Determination of Roots of Algebraic Equations.
   
  7. Time Response Analysis

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  Objectives, Introduction, Time Response Analysis, Test Signals or Excitation Functions, Order of the System, Type of Systems, Time Response of First Order System in Time Domain, Time Response of Second Order System in Time Domain, Time Response Specifications (Performance Index), Steady State Errors and Error Constants in Control Systems, Generalized Error Coefficients and Error Series, Performance Indices, Review Questions.
   
  8. Feedback Characteristics of System

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  Objectives, Introduction, Reduction of Parameter Variations, Control Over System Dynamic, Effect of Feedback on the Disturbance Signals, Regenerative Feedback, Linearizing Effect by Use of Feedback, Review Questions.
   
  9. Stability of The System

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  Objectives, Introduction, Stability of the System, Definition, Location of Closed–Loop Poles for a Stable System, Stability w.r.t. Parameters of the System, Routh Stability Criterion, Review Questions.
   
  10. Root Locus Method

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  Objectives, Introduction, Concept of Root Locus, Rules for the Construction of Root LOCI, Review Questions.
   
  11. Frequency Response Analysis

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  Objectives, Introduction, Frequency Transfer Function and Frequency Response Concept, Frequency-Domain Specifications, Presentation of Frequency Response Characteristics in Graphical Form, Polar Plot, Bode Plot, Nyquist Plot, Nyquist Criterion For Stability, Mapping or Nyquist Plot, Gain Margin and Phase Margin through Nyquist Plot, Constant M Circles, Constant N Circles, The Nichols Chart, Nyquist Stability Criterion, Review Questions.
   
  12. State Variable Analysis

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  Objectives, Introduction, Concept of State Variable Approach, Comparison of Conventional Control Theory and Modern Control Theory, State Equation Representation, Matrix, Defination, Algebra of Matrices, Minors and Cofactors, Adjoint of a Square Matrix, Inverse of a Matrix, Rank of a Matrix, Representation of Physical System by Differential Equation, Electrical System, Mechanical System, Review Questions.
   
  13. State Models

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  Objectives, Introduction, State Space Representation using Physical Variables, State Space Representation using Phase Variables, Development of State Model into Controllable Canonical Form or First Companion form, Development of State Model in Observable Canonical Form (Using Block Diagram), Development of Signal Flow Graph from Given Transfer Function, State Space Representation using Canonical Form, Jordan Canonical Form, Derivation of Transfer Function from State Model, Diagonal Matrix, Cascade Decomposition, Parallel Decomposition, Ssimilarity Transformation, Review Questions.
   
  14. Eigen Values, Vectors and Solution of State Equation

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  Objectives, Eigen Values and Eigen Vectors, Eigenvalues or Characteristic Roots, Eigen Vectors or Characteristic Vectors, Diagonalization, Laplace Transfer Method for Solving State Equations, Properties of State–Transition Matrix, Brief Idea of State Variable Analysis in Discrete Time Domain, Concepts of Controllability and Observability, Pole Placement by State Feedback, Ackermann’s Formula, Review Questions.
   
  15. Digital Control System

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  Objectives, Introduction, Spectrum Analysis of Sampling Process, Signal Reconstruction, Difference Equations, The z-transform, Properties of Z-Transform, The Z Transfer Function (Pulse Transfer Function), The Inverse Z-Transform, Z and S Domain Relationship, Review Questions.
   
  P. Papers