Contents

• UNIT 1
  1. Introduction to Microwaves

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  Introduction, Microwave Region and Band Designations, Standard Band Designations for Microwave, Microwave Frequency Band (US/Military Band), Propagation Characteristic and Applications of Various Bands, Microwave Units of Measurement, Prefixes Tabulated, Physical Constants, Microwave Systems, Basic Microwave Concepts, Advantages of Microwaves, Applications of Microwaves, Unsolved Problems.
   
  2. Waveguides

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  Introduction, Rectangular Waveguides, Advantages, Propagation of Waves in Waveguides, Types of Waveguides, Analysis of Waves in Rectangular Waveguides, TEM Propagation in Waveguide, TM Mode in Waveguide, Propagation of TE Modes in Rectangular Waveguides, Wave Impedance in TE and TM Mode, Power Transmission in Rectangular Waveguides, Power Losses in Rectangular Waveguide, Field Patterns, Methods of Exciting Waveguide, Circular Waveguides, Analysis of Waves in Circular Waveguides, TE Modes in Circular Waveguides, TM Modes in Circular Waveguides, Cut-off Frequency in Circular Waveguides, Cut-off Wavelength, Field Pattern, Excitation of Modes in Circular Waveguides, TEM Modes in Circular Waveguides, Applications of Circular Waveguide, Power Transmission in Circular Waveguides or Coaxial Lines, Power Losses in Circular Waveguides or Coaxial Lines, Solved Problems, Unsolved Problems.
   
  UNIT 2
  3. Cavity Resonators

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  Introduction, Rectangular Cavity Resonator, TM Mode, TE Modes, Resonant Frequency f0 in Rectangular Waveguide, Circular Cavity Resonator, TE Mode, TM Mode, Resonant Frequency f0 for Circular Cavity Resonator, Quality Factor of Cavity Resonator, Application of Cavity Resonators, Solved Problems, Unsolved Problems.
   
  4. Waveguide Components

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  Scattering Matrix Representation of Microwave Circuit, Reflection Loss, Return Loss, Attenuation, Insertion Loss, Properties of (S) Matrix, Microwave Components, H Plane Tee Junction, E-plane tee, E-H Plane tee/(Hybrid or Magic tee), Hybrid Ring (Rat Race Junction), Directional Couplers, Waveguide, Corners, Bends and Twists, Isolators and Circulators, Solved Problems, Unsolved Problems.
   
  UNIT 3
  5. Klystrons

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  Limitations of Conventional Vacuum Tubes at High Frequency, Introduction to Microwave Sources, Klystrons, Working Principle of two Cavity Klystrons, Velocity Modulation Process, Bunching Process, Output Power of Klystron, Induced Current in the Catcher Cavity, Efficiency of Klystron, Mutual Conductance of a Klystron Amplifier, Power Required to Bunch, Multicavity Klystron, Reflex Klystron, Velocity Modulation, Power Output and Efficiency of Reflex Klystrons, Electronic Admittance, Characteristics of Reflex Klystron, Solved Problems, Unsolved Problems.
   
  UNIT 4
  6. Travelling Wave Tubes (TWT)

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  Introduction, Helix TWT, Construction of TWT, Operation, Slow-Wave Structure, Amplification Process, Convection Current, Electric Field, Wave Modes, Gain Consideration, Characteristics of TWT, Coupled-Cavity Travelling-Wave Tubes, Principle of Operation, Continuous Wave Oscillator (CW Oscillator), Solved Problems, Unsolved Problems.
   
  UNIT 5
  7. Magnetrons

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  Introduction, Cavity Magnetron, Effect of Magnetic Field and Electric Field, Operation, Mathematical Analysis, Condition for Sustained Oscillations, Practical Considerations, Efficiency and Power Output, Coaxial Magnetron, Frequency Agile Coaxial Magnetron, Voltage Tunable Magnetron, Forward Wave Cross Field Amplifier (CFA), Characteristics of CFA, Backward Wave Crossed Field Oscillator (BWCO), Linear M-Carcinotron, Circular M-Carcinotron, Solved Problems, Unsolved Problems.
   
  Experiments

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  E.1 To Study the Various Microwave Component and Instruments
  E.2 V-I Characteristics of Gunn Diode and Reflex Klystron
  E.3 To Determine the Frequency and Wavelength in a Rectangular Waveguide using TE10 Mode
  E.4 To Determine the VSWR and Reflection Coefficient by Standing Wave
  E.5 To Measure an Unknown impedance usin Smith Chart
  E.6 To Draw the Following Characteristics of Gunn Diode
  E.7 To draw the Radiation Pattern of the Waveguide horn Antenna and also find its gain and 3db beam width
  E.8 To study the function of multi-hole directional coupler by measuring the coupling factor insertion loss and directivity of the coupler
  E.9 To study of (a) Magic Tee, (b) Circulator, (c) Isolator
   
  P. Papers