Contents

• .1. Programming in C

  1.1 History of C
  1.2 What is C?
  1.3 C Character Sets
  1.4 Keywords
  1.5 Identifiers
  1.6 Literals
  1.7 Constants
  1.7.1 Integer Constants
  1.7.2 Real (Floating Point) Constants
  1.7.3 Character and String Constants 
  1.8 Variables
  1.9 Scope of Variables
  1.10 Data Types 
  1.11 Enumerated Data Type
  1.12 Data Type Conversion 
  Review Questions
  2. Flowchart and Pseudocodes 
  2.1 Flowcharts
  2.1.1 Flowchart Symbols
  2.1.2 Guidelines for Drawing a Flowchart 
  2.1.3 Basic Flowchart .
  2.2 Pseudocodes
  2.2.1 Pseudocodes for Basic Logic (Control) Structure
  Review Questions
  3. Number System
  3.1 Data Representation
  3.2 Concept of Radix
  3.2.1 Decimal Number System
  3.2.2 Binary Number System .
  3.2.3 Octal Number System 
  3.2.4 Hexadecimal Number System
  3.3 Representation of Alphabets
  3.3.1 Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) Number
  Representation
  3.3.2 ASCII 
  3.3.3 EBCDIC Code 
  3.3.4 Unicode 
  Review Questions 
  4. Operations and Statements 
  4.1 Operators
  4.1.1 Boolean Operations
  4.2 Assignment Statement 
  4.3 Input/Output Statements
  4.3.1 Formatted Input using Format Specifiers .
  4.3.2 Formatted Outut using Format Specifiers
  4.3.3 Reading Single Character 
  4.3.4 Writing Single Character
  Review Questions 
  5. Control Statements
  5.1 Control Statement 
  5.2 Decision Making (Branching) 
   
  5.2.1 The if Statement.
  5.2.2 The Switch Statement .
  5.3 Iteration (Loop) Statements 
  5.3.1 The for loop
  5.3.2 The while loop 
  5.3.3 do..while loop
  5.4 Jump Statement
  5.4.1 Break to Exit a Loop .
  5.4.2 Continue Statement
  Review Questions 
  6. Computer Architecture and Programming Languages
  6.1 Basic Architecture of a Computer .
  6.1.1 Input Unit 
  6.1.2 Processing Unit
  6.1.3 Memory Unit
  6.1.4 Output Unit 
  6.2 Storage Devices 
  6.2.1 Memory
  6.3 Programming Languages 
  6.3.1 Low Level Language
  6.3.2 High Level Language .
  6.4 Translators .
  6.4.1 Assembler 
  6.4.2 Compiler 
  6.4.3 Interpreter .
  Review Questions 
  7. Arrays and Strings .
  7.1 Introduction 
  7.2 Arrays .
  7.2.1 Why Array is used? 
  7.3 Classification of Arrays 
  7.3.1 One Dimensional Arrays 
  7.3.2 Multi Dimensional Arrays 
  7.4 Character Arrays and String 
  7.4.1 Declaration of String 
  7.4.2 Initialization of String 
  7.4.3 Reading Strings from the Terminal .
  7.4.4 Writing Strings to Screen .
  7.4.5 Arithmetic Operations on Characters .
  7.4.6 String Operations (string.h) 
  Review Questions .
  P. Paper .