Contents

• 1. Energy Sources

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  Introduction, Classification of Energy Sources, Non-renewable Energy Sources, Coal, Petroleum, Natural Gas, Power, Advantages and Disadvantages of Non-renewable Energy Sources, Renewable Energy Sources, Tidal Energy, Solar Energy, Wind Energy, Geothermal Energy, Nuclear Fusion Energy, Biomass Energy, Advantages and Disadvantages of Renewable Energy Sources, World Energy Situation, Indian Energy Scene, Review Questions.
   
  2. Solar Energy

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  Introduction, Solar Radiation, Solar Radiation Geometry, Solar Radiation Measurements, Empirical Equations for Predicting the Availability of Solar Radiation, Monthly Average Daily Diffuse Radiation, Solar Radiation on an Inclined Surface, Solar Thermal Energy Collector, Flat Plate Solar Collector, Concentrating Collector, Advantages and Disadvantages of Concentrating Collectors over Flat Plate Collectors, Solar Heating of Buildings, Solar Still, Solar Water Heater, Solar Dryers, Conversion of Heat Energy into Mechanical Energy, Basic Solar Thermal Power Generation System, Solar Electric Power Generation: Solar Photovoltaics, Solar Cell Principles, Working, Semiconductor Junctions, I-V Characteristics of a Solar Cell, Types of Solar Cell and Fabrication, Basic Photovoltaic System for Power Generation, Solar Cell Modules (Solar Photovoltaic Arrays), Photovoltaic Applications, Power Generation Schemes, Advantages and Disadvantages of Photovoltaic
  Solar Energy Conversion, Review Questions.
   
  3. Wind Energy

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  Introduction, Atmospheric Circulations, Global (or Planetary) Atmospheric Circulation, Local Atmospheric Circulation, Factors Influencing Wind, Wind Shear, Wind Turbulence, Wind Speed Monitoring, Basic Principles of Wind Energy Conversion, Nature of the Wind, Power in the Wind, Wind Energy Conversion, Lift and Drag Mechanism, Site Selection Considerations, Basic Components of a Wind Energy Conversion System, Classification of Wind Energy Conversion Systems, Advantages and Disadvantages of Wind Energy Conversion System, Wind Energy Collectors, Horizontal Axis Machines, Vertical Axis Machines, Analysis of Aerodynamic Forces Acting on the Blade, Efficiency of Conversion, Generating Systems, Applications of Wind Energy, Review Questions.
   
  4. Ocean Energy

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  Introduction, Ocean Energy Resources, Ocean Wave Energy, Principle of Ocean Wave Energy Conversion, Classification of Wave Energy Conversion System, Estimation of Wave Power, Advantages and Disadvantages of Wave Energy, Tidal Energy, Basic Principle of Tidal Power, Components of Tidal Power Plants, Classification of Operation of Tidal Power Plants, Estimation of Energy and Power in Tidal System, Advantages and Limitations of Tidal Power Generation, Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion (OTEC), Principle of Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion System, Methods of Ocean Thermal Energy Power Generation, Open Cycle OTEC System (Claude Cycle), Closed Cycle OTEC System (Anderson Cycle), Hybrid Cycle OTEC System, Site Selection Considerations, Review Questions.
   
  5. Geothermal Energy and MHD Energy Conversion

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  Introduction, Nature of Geothermal Fields, Types of Geothermal Energy Resources, Basic Geothermal Steam Power Plant, Dry Steam Power Plants, Flash Steam Power Plants, Binary Fluid Power Plant, Site Selection Considerations, Advantages and Disadvantages of Geothermal Energy, Applications of Geothermal Energy, Magneto-hydro-dynamic (MHD) Energy Conversion, Basic Principle of MHD Energy Conversion, MHD Generator, Types of MHD System, Open Cycle System, Close Cycle System, Advantages and Disadvantages of MHD System, Review Questions.
   
  6. Biomass Energy

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  Introduction, Formation of Biomass, Photosynthesis, Biomass Resources and Their Classification, Chemical Constituents of Biomass, Physicochemical Characteristics of Biomass, Biomass Conversion Processes, Densification, Direct Combustion and Incineration, Thermochemical Conversion, Biochemical Conversion, Advantages and Limitations of Biomass Energy, Biogas Generation, Anaerobic Digestion, Factors Affecting Biogas Generation, Basic Biogas Plant, Fixed Dome Type Biogas Plant, Floating Gas Holder Type Biogas Plant, Deenbandhu Biogas Plant, Pragati Design Biogas Plant, Site Selection Considerations, Utilization of Biogas, Review Questions.
   
  7. Nuclear Energy

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  Introduction, Nuclear Fission and Nuclear Fusion, Nuclear Fusion Process, Requirements for Nuclear Fusion, Plasma Confinement, Magnetic Confinement Fusion, Thermonuclear Fusion Reactors, Basic Tokamak Reactor, Inertial Confinement Fusion, Advantages and Disadvantages of Nuclear Fusion, Review Questions.
   
  8. Fuel Cells and Hydrogen Energy

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  Introduction, Thermodynamics and Electrochemical Principles, Electrochemical Aspects, Thermodynamic Principles, Basic Design and Working of a Fuel Cell, Classification of Fuel Cells, Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFCs), Polymer Electrolyte Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC), Phosphoric Acid Fuel Cell (PAFC), Molten Carbonate Fuel Cells (MCFCs), Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC), Efficiency and emf of a Fuel Cell, Applications of Fuel Cells, Advantages and Disadvantages of Fuel Cell, Hydrogen Energy, Economics of Hydrogen, Production of Hydrogen, Steam Reformation, Electrolysis of Water, Thermal Decomposition of Water, Thermochemical Method, Biophotolysis, Photoelectrolysis, Production of Hydrogen Fuel from Sunflower Oil, Hydrogen Production by Gasification of Coal and Biomass, Safety Issues in using Hydrogen as Fuel, Applications of Hydrogen Energy, Review Questions.
   
  P. Paper